feat(orchestrator): authoritative failure-count badge endpoint (DEBT-042)

New GET /api/v1/orchestrator/events/stats?since=1h&success=false&kind=...
backed by repo.count_orchestrator_failures(since_ts, kind), which
counts failed rows across both orchestrator_events and
orchestrator_emails since the cutoff.

Window parser accepts ^\d+[smhd]$, capped at 7d. Today only
success=false is accepted on this surface so the endpoint isn't
accidentally repurposed before the next consumer is properly
designed.

Orchestrator.tsx polls the endpoint on mount + every 30 s and
renders the authoritative DB-derived count instead of deriving from
the in-memory SSE buffer + one paginated page (which silently
excluded failures older than the local window).

decnet/web/db/repository.py

@@ -1131,6 +1131,17 @@ class BaseRepository(ABC):
         """Total orchestrator-event rows, optionally filtered by kind."""
         raise NotImplementedError
 
+    async def count_orchestrator_failures(
+        self,
+        *,
+        since_ts: Any,
+        kind: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Count failed orchestrator activity since *since_ts*, across
+        both event + email tables. Backs the dashboard's failure-count
+        badge (DEBT-042)."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
     async def prune_orchestrator_events(self, per_dst_cap: int = 10000) -> int:
         """Trim per-``dst_decky_uuid`` rows to a cap. Returns deleted count.
 

decnet/web/db/sqlmodel_repo/orchestrator.py

@@ -60,6 +60,46 @@ class OrchestratorMixin(_MixinBase):
             result = await session.execute(stmt)
             return result.scalar() or 0
 
+    async def count_orchestrator_failures(
+        self,
+        *,
+        since_ts: datetime,
+        kind: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Count failed orchestrator activity since *since_ts*, across
+        both ``orchestrator_events`` (traffic / file) and
+        ``orchestrator_emails`` (email).
+
+        Backs the dashboard's failure-count badge — see DEBT-042. The
+        in-memory window the badge previously computed against was
+        bounded by the SSE-buffer + paginated page, so failures older
+        than the local window read low. This is the authoritative count.
+        """
+        async with self._session() as session:
+            ev_stmt = (
+                select(func.count()).select_from(OrchestratorEvent)
+                .where(
+                    col(OrchestratorEvent.success).is_(False),
+                    OrchestratorEvent.ts >= since_ts,
+                )
+            )
+            if kind in ("traffic", "file"):
+                ev_stmt = ev_stmt.where(OrchestratorEvent.kind == kind)
+            em_stmt = (
+                select(func.count()).select_from(OrchestratorEmail)
+                .where(
+                    col(OrchestratorEmail.success).is_(False),
+                    OrchestratorEmail.ts >= since_ts,
+                )
+            )
+            ev_count = 0
+            em_count = 0
+            if kind in (None, "traffic", "file"):
+                ev_count = (await session.execute(ev_stmt)).scalar() or 0
+            if kind in (None, "email"):
+                em_count = (await session.execute(em_stmt)).scalar() or 0
+            return ev_count + em_count
+
     async def prune_orchestrator_events(self, per_dst_cap: int = 10000) -> int:
         """Trim per-dst rows to *per_dst_cap*, oldest-first. Returns deleted count."""
         deleted = 0

decnet/web/router/__init__.py

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ from .campaigns.api_list_campaign_identities import router as campaign_identitie
 from .campaigns.api_events import router as campaign_events_router
 from .orchestrator.api_list_events import router as orchestrator_list_router
 from .orchestrator.api_events import router as orchestrator_events_router
+from .orchestrator.api_event_stats import router as orchestrator_stats_router
 from .realism.api_config import router as realism_config_router
 from .realism.api_personas import router as realism_personas_router
 from .realism.api_synthetic_files import router as realism_synthetic_files_router
@@ -123,6 +124,7 @@ api_router.include_router(campaign_identities_router)
 api_router.include_router(campaign_events_router)
 api_router.include_router(orchestrator_list_router)
 api_router.include_router(orchestrator_events_router)
+api_router.include_router(orchestrator_stats_router)
 
 # Realism — global persona pool CRUD for the dashboard's
 # "Persona Generation" page.  The orchestrator reads from the same

decnet/web/router/orchestrator/api_event_stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""GET /api/v1/orchestrator/events/stats — authoritative failure count.
+
+The dashboard's failure-count badge previously derived its number from
+the in-memory SSE buffer + a single paginated page (capped at 500 +
+limit rows). On busy fleets, failures older than the local window
+were silently excluded and the badge read low — see DEBT-042. This
+endpoint returns the real count straight from the DB so the badge
+matches reality.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
+
+from decnet.telemetry import traced as _traced
+from decnet.web.dependencies import repo, require_viewer
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+_SINCE_RE = re.compile(r"^(\d+)([smhd])$")
+# Bounded to avoid unintentionally-expensive scans. 7d covers the
+# operator UX use case (failure-count badge) while still returning
+# in O(index seek + count).
+_MAX_SINCE = timedelta(days=7)
+
+
+def _parse_since(s: str) -> timedelta:
+    m = _SINCE_RE.match(s)
+    if not m:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=422,
+            detail="since must match ^(\\d+)[smhd]$ (e.g. '15m', '1h', '24h', '7d')",
+        )
+    value, unit = int(m.group(1)), m.group(2)
+    if value <= 0:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=422, detail="since must be > 0")
+    delta = {
+        "s": timedelta(seconds=value),
+        "m": timedelta(minutes=value),
+        "h": timedelta(hours=value),
+        "d": timedelta(days=value),
+    }[unit]
+    if delta > _MAX_SINCE:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=422,
+            detail=f"since exceeds maximum window of {_MAX_SINCE}",
+        )
+    return delta
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/orchestrator/events/stats",
+    tags=["Orchestrator"],
+    responses={
+        401: {"description": "Could not validate credentials"},
+        403: {"description": "Insufficient permissions"},
+        422: {"description": "Validation error"},
+    },
+)
+@_traced("api.orchestrator.events.stats")
+async def orchestrator_event_stats(
+    since: str = Query("1h", description="Window relative to now, e.g. '15m', '1h', '24h'."),
+    success: Optional[bool] = Query(
+        None,
+        description="If set, restrict the count to rows with this success value.",
+    ),
+    kind: Optional[str] = Query(
+        None, pattern="^(traffic|file|email)$",
+    ),
+    user: dict = Depends(require_viewer),
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Aggregate counts for the orchestrator activity feed.
+
+    Today only the failure-count badge consumes this surface, so the
+    only supported aggregate is ``success=false`` (everything else is
+    rejected — ``success=true`` and the unfiltered total can be served
+    by the existing ``count`` on the list endpoint without a window
+    filter, and we'd rather not paint ourselves into a corner before
+    the next consumer shows up).
+    """
+    if success is not False:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=422,
+            detail="only success=false is supported on this surface today",
+        )
+    delta = _parse_since(since)
+    since_ts = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - delta
+    count = await repo.count_orchestrator_failures(
+        since_ts=since_ts, kind=kind,
+    )
+    return {
+        "since": since,
+        "success": success,
+        "kind": kind,
+        "count": count,
+    }

decnet_web/src/components/Orchestrator.test.tsx

@@ -26,6 +26,26 @@ vi.mock('./useOrchestratorStream', () => ({
 import api from '../utils/api';
 const apiGet = api.get as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
 
+/** Two endpoints fire at mount — events list + failure-count stats.
+ *  This dispatcher maps URLs to canned responses so per-test cases stay
+ *  focused on the path they care about. */
+const buildApiResponder = (overrides: {
+  events?: { data: unknown[]; total: number };
+  failures?: number;
+} = {}) => {
+  const events = overrides.events ?? { data: [], total: 0 };
+  const failures = overrides.failures ?? 0;
+  return (url: string) => {
+    if (url.startsWith('/orchestrator/events/stats')) {
+      return Promise.resolve({ data: { count: failures } });
+    }
+    if (url.startsWith('/orchestrator/events')) {
+      return Promise.resolve({ data: events });
+    }
+    return Promise.resolve({ data: {} });
+  };
+};
+
 const renderPage = () =>
   render(
     <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/orchestrator']}>
@@ -40,7 +60,7 @@ describe('Orchestrator', () => {
   });
 
   it('renders the empty state when the API returns no events', async () => {
-    apiGet.mockResolvedValueOnce({ data: { data: [], total: 0 } });
+    apiGet.mockImplementation(buildApiResponder());
 
     renderPage();
 
@@ -50,11 +70,14 @@ describe('Orchestrator', () => {
   });
 
   it('switches the kind filter and refetches scoped to that kind', async () => {
-    apiGet.mockResolvedValue({ data: { data: [], total: 0 } });
+    apiGet.mockImplementation(buildApiResponder());
 
     renderPage();
-    await waitFor(() => expect(apiGet).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
-    expect(apiGet.mock.calls[0][0]).toMatch(/^\/orchestrator\/events\?limit=50&offset=0$/);
+    await waitFor(() =>
+      expect(
+        apiGet.mock.calls.some((c) => /^\/orchestrator\/events\?limit=50&offset=0$/.test(c[0])),
+      ).toBe(true),
+    );
 
     await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /^email$/ }));
 
@@ -65,7 +88,7 @@ describe('Orchestrator', () => {
   });
 
   it('prepends a row when the live stream pushes a traffic event', async () => {
-    apiGet.mockResolvedValueOnce({ data: { data: [], total: 0 } });
+    apiGet.mockImplementation(buildApiResponder());
 
     renderPage();
     await waitFor(() => expect(capturedOnEvent).not.toBeNull());
@@ -90,4 +113,31 @@ describe('Orchestrator', () => {
     // 1 event shown after a single push.
     expect(screen.getByText(/1 EVENTS SHOWN/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
   });
+
+  it('renders the failure-count badge from the stats endpoint (DEBT-042)', async () => {
+    apiGet.mockImplementation(buildApiResponder({ failures: 42 }));
+
+    renderPage();
+
+    expect(await screen.findByText(/42 FAILURES \/ 1H/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+    // Stats endpoint is the authoritative source — verify it was actually queried.
+    expect(
+      apiGet.mock.calls.some((c) =>
+        /\/orchestrator\/events\/stats\?since=1h&success=false/.test(c[0]),
+      ),
+    ).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('hides the failure-count badge when the stats endpoint reports zero', async () => {
+    apiGet.mockImplementation(buildApiResponder({ failures: 0 }));
+
+    renderPage();
+    await waitFor(() =>
+      expect(
+        apiGet.mock.calls.some((c) => /\/orchestrator\/events\/stats/.test(c[0])),
+      ).toBe(true),
+    );
+
+    expect(screen.queryByText(/FAILURES \/ 1H/i)).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
 });

decnet_web/src/components/Orchestrator.tsx

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ type KindFilter = 'all' | 'traffic' | 'file' | 'email';
 type StreamStatus = 'connecting' | 'live' | 'error';
 
 const ROW_CAP = 500;
-const HOUR_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000;
 const FRESH_MS = 5_000;
 
 const timeAgo = (dateStr: string | null): string => {
@@ -64,6 +63,7 @@ const Orchestrator: React.FC = () => {
   const [paused, setPaused] = useState(false);
   const [now, setNow] = useState(Date.now());
   const [selected, setSelected] = useState<OrchestratorEntry | null>(null);
+  const [failuresLastHour, setFailuresLastHour] = useState(0);
 
   const limit = 50;
   const pausedRef = useRef(paused);
@@ -75,6 +75,27 @@ const Orchestrator: React.FC = () => {
     return () => clearInterval(t);
   }, []);
 
+  // Authoritative failure count from the DB — see DEBT-042. The
+  // in-memory derivation it replaced was bounded by the SSE buffer +
+  // one paginated page, so failures older than the local window were
+  // silently excluded and the badge read low on busy fleets.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+    const fetchStats = async () => {
+      try {
+        const res = await api.get(
+          '/orchestrator/events/stats?since=1h&success=false',
+        );
+        if (!cancelled) setFailuresLastHour(res.data?.count ?? 0);
+      } catch {
+        // Silent: the badge is a hint, missing data shouldn't blow up the page.
+      }
+    };
+    fetchStats();
+    const t = setInterval(fetchStats, 30_000);
+    return () => { cancelled = true; clearInterval(t); };
+  }, []);
+
   const fetchEvents = async () => {
     setLoading(true);
     try {
@@ -163,13 +184,6 @@ const Orchestrator: React.FC = () => {
     return merged.filter((r) => r.kind === kindParam);
   }, [streamRows, rows, kindParam]);
 
-  const failuresLastHour = useMemo(() => {
-    const cutoff = now - HOUR_MS;
-    return [...streamRows, ...rows].filter(
-      (r) => !r.success && new Date(r.ts).getTime() >= cutoff,
-    ).length;
-  }, [streamRows, rows, now]);
-
   const statusLabel =
     status === 'live' ? 'LIVE'
       : status === 'connecting' ? 'CONNECTING'

development/DEBT.md

@@ -498,19 +498,21 @@ Resolved 2026-05-03. All base images now carry `image:tag@sha256:<digest>` refer
 ~~**Files:** Project root~~  
 `requirements.lock` generated via `pip freeze`. Reproducible installs now available via `pip install -r requirements.lock`.
 
-### DEBT-042 — Orchestrator failure-count badge is window-bound
-**File:** `decnet_web/src/components/Orchestrator.tsx`
-The "X failures / 1h" header badge is computed from the in-memory SSE
-window (capped at 500 rows merged with one paginated server page). On
-busy fleets — many deckies × dense activity — failures older than the
-local window or beyond the visible page are silently excluded, so the
-badge can read low. Acceptable for MVP; the badge is a hint, not a
-metric.
-**Remediation:** add a dedicated count endpoint
-(`GET /api/v1/orchestrator/events/stats?since=1h&success=false`) and
-have the badge call it on the same cadence the page already polls.
-Trigger: first time the count visibly diverges from a hand-checked
-DB query, or fleet size ≥ 10 active deckies.
+### ~~DEBT-042 — Orchestrator failure-count badge is window-bound~~ ✅ RESOLVED 2026-05-03
+**Files:** `decnet/web/router/orchestrator/api_event_stats.py` (new),
+`decnet/web/db/sqlmodel_repo/orchestrator.py`, `decnet/web/db/repository.py`,
+`decnet_web/src/components/Orchestrator.tsx`.
+New `GET /api/v1/orchestrator/events/stats?since=1h&success=false&kind=...`
+endpoint backed by `repo.count_orchestrator_failures(since_ts, kind)`,
+which counts failed rows across both `orchestrator_events` and
+`orchestrator_emails` since the cutoff. The badge polls the endpoint
+on mount + every 30 s and renders the authoritative DB-derived count
+instead of deriving from the SSE buffer + one paginated page. Window
+parser accepts `^\d+[smhd]$`, capped at 7d. Today only `success=false`
+is accepted on this surface (the only consumer); other modes are
+rejected so the endpoint isn't accidentally repurposed before the
+next consumer is properly designed. Repo + endpoint + badge tests
+land in the same commit.
 
 ### ~~DEBT-043 — No frontend test framework configured~~ ✅ RESOLVED 2026-05-03
 **Files:** `decnet_web/package.json`, `decnet_web/vite.config.ts`,
@@ -720,7 +722,7 @@ user who needs it.
 | ~~DEBT-039~~ | ✅ | Honeypot / Cred emitters | resolved |
 | ~~DEBT-040~~ | ✅ | Honeypot / RDP+SMB cred framers | resolved |
 | ~~DEBT-041~~ | ✅ | API / UI / Threat-intel keying | resolved |
-| DEBT-042 | 🟢 Low | UI / Orchestrator failure-count window | open |
+| ~~DEBT-042~~ | ✅ | UI / Orchestrator failure-count window | resolved 2026-05-03 |
 | ~~DEBT-043~~ | ✅ | Frontend test framework missing | resolved 2026-05-03 |
 | ~~DEBT-044~~ | ✅ | TTP / Email producer wiring | resolved 2026-05-02 |
 | DEBT-045 | 🟡 Medium | TTP / EmailLifter heavyweight extraction | partial paid 2026-05-02 |
@@ -729,5 +731,5 @@ user who needs it.
 | DEBT-048 | 🟡 Medium | TTP / Intel provider mapping review (recurring) | open / recurring |
 | DEBT-049 | 🟡 Medium | TTP / Sigma adapter (post-v1) | open |
 
-**Remaining open:** DEBT-011 (Alembic), DEBT-027 (Dynamic bait store), DEBT-028 (deploy endpoint tests), DEBT-033 (transcript shard rotation), DEBT-036 (session-profile ingester), DEBT-037 (webhook delivery hardening), DEBT-038 (SSH PAM cred-capture limitations — document-only), DEBT-042 (orchestrator failure-count window), DEBT-045 (EmailLifter heavyweight — partial paid; carved-out follow-ups remain), DEBT-046 (mal-hash feed), DEBT-048 (TTP intel provider mapping review — recurring quarterly), DEBT-049 (TTP Sigma adapter — post-v1).
+**Remaining open:** DEBT-011 (Alembic), DEBT-027 (Dynamic bait store), DEBT-028 (deploy endpoint tests), DEBT-033 (transcript shard rotation), DEBT-036 (session-profile ingester), DEBT-037 (webhook delivery hardening), DEBT-038 (SSH PAM cred-capture limitations — document-only), DEBT-045 (EmailLifter heavyweight — partial paid; carved-out follow-ups remain), DEBT-046 (mal-hash feed), DEBT-048 (TTP intel provider mapping review — recurring quarterly), DEBT-049 (TTP Sigma adapter — post-v1).
 **Estimated remaining effort:** ~21 hours plus the new EmailLifter / TTP follow-ups. DEBT-030 Phase B (optimistic staged-buffer editor) is a follow-up, not debt.

tests/api/orchestrator/test_event_stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+"""GET /api/v1/orchestrator/events/stats — failure-count badge endpoint (DEBT-042)."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, patch
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+
+from decnet.web.api import app
+
+_V1 = "/api/v1/orchestrator"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.anyio
+async def test_stats_unauthenticated_401():
+    async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+        transport=httpx.ASGITransport(app=app), base_url="http://test",
+    ) as ac:
+        r = await ac.get(f"{_V1}/events/stats?since=1h&success=false")
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stats_returns_failure_count_with_window():
+    from decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats import (
+        orchestrator_event_stats,
+    )
+
+    with patch(
+        "decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats.repo"
+    ) as mock_repo:
+        mock_repo.count_orchestrator_failures = AsyncMock(return_value=7)
+
+        result = await orchestrator_event_stats(
+            since="1h", success=False, kind=None,
+            user={"uuid": "u", "role": "viewer"},
+        )
+
+    assert result["count"] == 7
+    assert result["since"] == "1h"
+    assert result["success"] is False
+    assert result["kind"] is None
+
+    # Window must be "now - 1h", not 5h or 30s. Tolerance of 5 seconds
+    # for the test execution.
+    call = mock_repo.count_orchestrator_failures.await_args
+    since_ts = call.kwargs["since_ts"]
+    expected = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(hours=1)
+    assert abs((since_ts - expected).total_seconds()) < 5
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stats_forwards_kind_filter():
+    from decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats import (
+        orchestrator_event_stats,
+    )
+
+    with patch(
+        "decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats.repo"
+    ) as mock_repo:
+        mock_repo.count_orchestrator_failures = AsyncMock(return_value=2)
+
+        await orchestrator_event_stats(
+            since="15m", success=False, kind="email",
+            user={"uuid": "u", "role": "viewer"},
+        )
+
+    assert mock_repo.count_orchestrator_failures.await_args.kwargs["kind"] == "email"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stats_rejects_success_true():
+    """Only success=false is supported on this surface today; everything
+    else is rejected so the endpoint isn't accidentally repurposed
+    before the next consumer is properly designed."""
+    from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+    from decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats import (
+        orchestrator_event_stats,
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        await orchestrator_event_stats(
+            since="1h", success=True, kind=None,
+            user={"uuid": "u", "role": "viewer"},
+        )
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 422
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stats_rejects_success_unset():
+    from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+    from decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats import (
+        orchestrator_event_stats,
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        await orchestrator_event_stats(
+            since="1h", success=None, kind=None,
+            user={"uuid": "u", "role": "viewer"},
+        )
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 422
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stats_rejects_malformed_since():
+    from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+    from decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats import (
+        orchestrator_event_stats,
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        await orchestrator_event_stats(
+            since="garbage", success=False, kind=None,
+            user={"uuid": "u", "role": "viewer"},
+        )
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 422
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stats_rejects_window_over_max():
+    from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+    from decnet.web.router.orchestrator.api_event_stats import (
+        orchestrator_event_stats,
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc:
+        await orchestrator_event_stats(
+            since="30d", success=False, kind=None,
+            user={"uuid": "u", "role": "viewer"},
+        )
+    assert exc.value.status_code == 422

tests/orchestrator/test_repo_pagination.py

@@ -97,6 +97,55 @@ async def test_kind_filter_narrows(tmp_path):
     assert {r["kind"] for r in only_file} == {"file"}
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_count_failures_window_and_kind(tmp_path):
+    """count_orchestrator_failures must:
+    - count both tables (events + emails) when kind is None
+    - respect the since_ts cutoff
+    - skip success=True rows
+    - narrow to a single source table when kind is set"""
+    from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+    repo = await _make_repo(tmp_path, "failures.db")
+    dst = await _seed_decky(repo, "decky-A")
+
+    # 2 fresh failures + 1 fresh success on the events table.
+    for i in range(2):
+        await repo.record_orchestrator_event({
+            "kind": "traffic", "protocol": "ssh",
+            "action": f"fail:{i}", "src_decky_uuid": None,
+            "dst_decky_uuid": dst, "success": False, "payload": {},
+        })
+    await repo.record_orchestrator_event({
+        "kind": "traffic", "protocol": "ssh",
+        "action": "ok", "src_decky_uuid": None,
+        "dst_decky_uuid": dst, "success": True, "payload": {},
+    })
+
+    # 1 fresh email failure.
+    await repo.record_orchestrator_email({
+        "ts": datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+        "subject": "boom", "sender_email": "a@x", "recipient_email": "b@y",
+        "mail_decky_uuid": "mh", "language": "en",
+        "thread_id": "t1", "message_id": "<m1@x>", "in_reply_to": None,
+        "eml_path": "/tmp/m1.eml",
+        "success": False, "payload": "{}",
+    })
+
+    cutoff = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(hours=1)
+
+    assert await repo.count_orchestrator_failures(since_ts=cutoff) == 3
+    assert (
+        await repo.count_orchestrator_failures(since_ts=cutoff, kind="traffic")
+    ) == 2
+    assert (
+        await repo.count_orchestrator_failures(since_ts=cutoff, kind="email")
+    ) == 1
+    # Future cutoff → nothing matches.
+    future = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(hours=1)
+    assert await repo.count_orchestrator_failures(since_ts=future) == 0
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_prune_caps_per_dst(tmp_path):
     repo = await _make_repo(tmp_path, "prune.db")