DECNET/decnet/orchestrator/drivers/ssh.py

"""MVP SSH-flavoured driver.

Two action shapes:

* :class:`~decnet.orchestrator.scheduler.TrafficAction` — exec a tiny
  Python one-liner *inside the source decky's ssh container* that opens
  TCP/22 against the destination decky's IP and reads the SSH banner.
  This generates real on-the-wire SSH-protocol traffic between the two
  containers (sshd announces the banner on connect), without us having
  to ship credentials anywhere.
* :class:`~decnet.orchestrator.scheduler.FileAction` — drop / refresh a
  file inside the destination decky's ssh container via ``docker exec``.

Both shell out via :func:`asyncio.create_subprocess_exec` with argv
lists — never a shell string — so an attacker-controllable decky name
or IP can't escape into a shell.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import asyncio
import shlex
from typing import Any

import base64
from datetime import datetime, timezone

from decnet.logging import get_logger
from decnet.orchestrator.drivers.base import ActivityDriver, ActivityResult
from decnet.orchestrator.scheduler import Action, FileAction, TrafficAction

log = get_logger("orchestrator.ssh")

_DOCKER = "docker"
# Per-call wall-clock cap.  The orchestrator runs serially (one action
# per tick); a wedged docker exec must not stall the whole worker.
_TIMEOUT = 8.0

# Container suffix convention: services/*.py emit container_name as
# ``<decky_name>-<service>``.  The MVP only drives the ssh service.
_SSH_CONTAINER_SUFFIX = "-ssh"


def _container_for(decky_name: str) -> str:
    return f"{decky_name}{_SSH_CONTAINER_SUFFIX}"


async def _run(argv: list[str]) -> tuple[int, str, str]:
    """Spawn *argv* and capture (rc, stdout, stderr).

    Returns ``(rc=124, "", "timeout")`` on wall-clock expiry.  Never
    raises — orchestrator success/failure is a payload attribute, not
    an exception.
    """
    return await _run_with_stdin(argv, None)


async def _run_with_stdin(
    argv: list[str], stdin_bytes: bytes | None,
) -> tuple[int, str, str]:
    """Spawn *argv*, optionally feeding *stdin_bytes*, and capture rc+output.

    Used by :meth:`SSHDriver.plant_file` to stream base64 payloads via
    stdin (avoids ARG_MAX on large blobs — same fix as the canary
    planter in commit c17b9e0).  Same failure semantics as :func:`_run`.
    """
    try:
        proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
            *argv,
            stdin=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE if stdin_bytes is not None else None,
            stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
            stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
        )
    except FileNotFoundError as exc:
        return 127, "", f"argv[0] not found: {exc}"
    try:
        stdout, stderr = await asyncio.wait_for(
            proc.communicate(stdin_bytes), timeout=_TIMEOUT,
        )
    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
        try:
            proc.kill()
        except ProcessLookupError:
            pass
        return 124, "", "timeout"
    return (
        proc.returncode if proc.returncode is not None else -1,
        stdout.decode("utf-8", "replace"),
        stderr.decode("utf-8", "replace"),
    )


# Python one-liner that probes the destination's SSH banner.  Kept inline
# so the driver has zero filesystem dependencies on the host side; the
# *container* needs python3 (ssh service template ships it).
_PROBE_PY = (
    "import socket,sys;"
    "s=socket.socket();s.settimeout(3);"
    "s.connect((sys.argv[1], 22));"
    "b=s.recv(128);s.close();"
    "sys.stdout.write(b.decode('latin1','replace'))"
)


class SSHDriver(ActivityDriver):
    """Concrete :class:`ActivityDriver` for SSH-flavoured actions."""

    async def run(self, action: Action) -> ActivityResult:
        if isinstance(action, TrafficAction):
            return await self._run_traffic(action)
        if isinstance(action, FileAction):
            return await self._run_file(action)
        raise TypeError(f"unsupported action type: {type(action)!r}")

    async def _run_traffic(self, action: TrafficAction) -> ActivityResult:
        container = _container_for(action.src_name)
        argv = [
            _DOCKER, "exec", container,
            "python3", "-c", _PROBE_PY, action.dst_ip,
        ]
        rc, stdout, stderr = await _run(argv)
        success = rc == 0 and stdout.startswith("SSH-")
        payload: dict[str, Any] = {
            "src_decky": action.src_name,
            "dst_decky": action.dst_name,
            "dst_ip": action.dst_ip,
            "dst_port": 22,
            "rc": rc,
            "banner": stdout.strip()[:128] if success else None,
            "stderr": stderr.strip()[:256] if not success else None,
        }
        if not success:
            log.debug(
                "orchestrator.ssh.traffic failed src=%s dst=%s rc=%d stderr=%r",
                action.src_name, action.dst_name, rc, stderr[:120],
            )
        return ActivityResult(success=success, payload=payload)

    async def _run_file(self, action: FileAction) -> ActivityResult:
        # FileAction's content is a string; the realism path uses
        # bytes-typed plant_file so binary blobs (DOCX/PDF, future
        # canary artifacts) survive the wire.  Encode-once here.
        # mtime carries through from the realism planner so the file
        # doesn't stamp at wall-clock-now (the realism failure today).
        return await self.plant_file(
            action.dst_name,
            action.path,
            action.content.encode("utf-8"),
            mode=0o644,
            mtime=action.mtime,
        )

    async def plant_file(
        self,
        decky_name: str,
        path: str,
        content: bytes,
        *,
        mode: int = 0o600,
        mtime: datetime | None = None,
    ) -> ActivityResult:
        """Write *content* to *path* inside *decky_name*'s ssh container.

        Streams base64 via stdin (mirrors :mod:`decnet.canary.planter`'s
        ARG_MAX-safe write — see commit c17b9e0).  Sets file mode and,
        when *mtime* is provided, ``touch -d`` to backdate the file so
        it doesn't all stamp at wall-clock-now (the realism failure
        this migration is fixing).
        """
        container = _container_for(decky_name)
        b64 = base64.b64encode(content).decode("ascii")
        # touch -d accepts ISO 8601; we always emit UTC so the
        # container's local TZ doesn't drift the mtime.
        if mtime is not None:
            ts = mtime.astimezone(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
            touch_cmd = f"touch -d {shlex.quote(ts)} {shlex.quote(path)}"
        else:
            touch_cmd = f"touch {shlex.quote(path)}"
        sh_cmd = (
            f"mkdir -p {shlex.quote(_dirname(path))} && "
            f"base64 -d > {shlex.quote(path)} && "
            f"chmod {mode:o} {shlex.quote(path)} && "
            f"{touch_cmd}"
        )
        argv = [_DOCKER, "exec", "-i", container, "sh", "-c", sh_cmd]
        rc, _stdout, stderr = await _run_with_stdin(argv, b64.encode("ascii"))
        success = rc == 0
        payload: dict[str, Any] = {
            "dst_decky": decky_name,
            "path": path,
            "bytes": len(content),
            "rc": rc,
            "stderr": stderr.strip()[:256] if not success else None,
        }
        return ActivityResult(success=success, payload=payload)

    async def read_file(self, decky_name: str, path: str) -> bytes:
        """Read *path* from inside *decky_name*'s ssh container.

        Used by the realism edit-in-place flow: the driver fetches
        the previous body, the realism engine produces the next
        iteration, the driver re-plants it via :meth:`plant_file`.

        Raises :class:`FileNotFoundError` when the container path
        doesn't exist (rc=1 from ``cat`` with stderr ``No such
        file``).  Other failures raise :class:`RuntimeError` carrying
        the docker stderr.
        """
        container = _container_for(decky_name)
        argv = [_DOCKER, "exec", container, "cat", path]
        rc, stdout, stderr = await _run(argv)
        if rc == 0:
            return stdout.encode("utf-8") if isinstance(stdout, str) else stdout
        if "No such file" in stderr or "no such file" in stderr.lower():
            raise FileNotFoundError(f"{path} not present in {decky_name}")
        raise RuntimeError(
            f"docker exec cat failed rc={rc} stderr={stderr.strip()[:256]!r}"
        )


def _dirname(path: str) -> str:
    """Pure-string dirname.  We can't trust ``os.path.dirname`` on the
    host to share the destination container's separator semantics, but
    deckies are POSIX so a plain ``rfind('/')`` suffices."""
    idx = path.rfind("/")
    if idx <= 0:
        return "/"
    return path[:idx]