feat: JA4/JA4S/JA4L fingerprints, TLS session resumption, certificate extraction

Extend the passive TLS sniffer with next-gen attacker fingerprinting:

- JA4 (ClientHello) and JA4S (ServerHello) computation with
  supported_versions, signature_algorithms, and ALPN parsing
- JA4L latency measurement via TCP SYN→SYN-ACK RTT tracking
- TLS session resumption detection (session tickets, PSK, 0-RTT early data)
- Certificate extraction for TLS ≤1.2 with minimal DER/ASN.1 parser
  (subject CN, issuer, SANs, validity period, self-signed flag)
- Ingester bounty extraction for all new fingerprint types
- 116 tests covering all new functionality (1255 total passing)
This commit is contained in:
2026-04-13 23:20:37 -04:00
parent a022b4fed6
commit ea340065c6
4 changed files with 1621 additions and 20 deletions

View File

@@ -3,14 +3,20 @@
DECNET passive TLS sniffer.
Captures TLS handshakes on the MACVLAN interface (shared network namespace
with the decky base container). Extracts JA3/JA3S fingerprints and connection
with the decky base container). Extracts fingerprints and connection
metadata, then emits structured RFC 5424 log lines to stdout for the
host-side collector to ingest.
Requires: NET_RAW + NET_ADMIN capabilities (set in compose fragment).
JA3 — MD5(SSLVersion,Ciphers,Extensions,EllipticCurves,ECPointFormats)
JA3S — MD5(SSLVersion,Cipher,Extensions)
Supported fingerprints:
JA3 — MD5(SSLVersion,Ciphers,Extensions,EllipticCurves,ECPointFormats)
JA3S — MD5(SSLVersion,Cipher,Extensions)
JA4 — {proto}{ver}{sni}{#cs}{#ext}{alpn}_{sha256_12(sorted_cs)}_{sha256_12(sorted_ext,sigalgs)}
JA4S — {proto}{ver}{#ext}{alpn}_{sha256_12(cipher,sorted_ext)}
JA4L — TCP RTT latency measurement (client_ttl, server_rtt_ms)
TLS session resumption detection (session tickets, PSK, 0-RTT)
Certificate extraction (TLS ≤1.2 only — 1.3 encrypts certs)
GREASE values (RFC 8701) are excluded from all lists before hashing.
"""
@@ -43,13 +49,22 @@ _GREASE: frozenset[int] = frozenset(0x0A0A + i * 0x1010 for i in range(16))
_TLS_RECORD_HANDSHAKE: int = 0x16
_TLS_HT_CLIENT_HELLO: int = 0x01
_TLS_HT_SERVER_HELLO: int = 0x02
_TLS_HT_CERTIFICATE: int = 0x0B
# TLS extension types we extract for metadata
_EXT_SNI: int = 0x0000
_EXT_SUPPORTED_GROUPS: int = 0x000A
_EXT_EC_POINT_FORMATS: int = 0x000B
_EXT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHMS: int = 0x000D
_EXT_ALPN: int = 0x0010
_EXT_SESSION_TICKET: int = 0x0023
_EXT_SUPPORTED_VERSIONS: int = 0x002B
_EXT_PRE_SHARED_KEY: int = 0x0029
_EXT_EARLY_DATA: int = 0x002A
# TCP flags
_TCP_SYN: int = 0x02
_TCP_ACK: int = 0x10
# ─── Session tracking ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -58,6 +73,12 @@ _EXT_SESSION_TICKET: int = 0x0023
_sessions: dict[tuple[str, int, str, int], dict[str, Any]] = {}
_session_ts: dict[tuple[str, int, str, int], float] = {}
# TCP RTT tracking for JA4L: key = (client_ip, client_port, server_ip, server_port)
# Value: {"syn_time": float, "ttl": int}
_tcp_syn: dict[tuple[str, int, str, int], dict[str, Any]] = {}
# Completed RTT measurements: key = same 4-tuple, value = {"rtt_ms": float, "client_ttl": int}
_tcp_rtt: dict[tuple[str, int, str, int], dict[str, Any]] = {}
# ─── GREASE helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -106,6 +127,7 @@ def _parse_client_hello(data: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
# Session ID
session_id_len = body[pos]
session_id = body[pos + 1: pos + 1 + session_id_len]
pos += 1 + session_id_len
# Cipher Suites
@@ -125,8 +147,13 @@ def _parse_client_hello(data: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
extensions: list[int] = []
supported_groups: list[int] = []
ec_point_formats: list[int] = []
signature_algorithms: list[int] = []
supported_versions: list[int] = []
sni: str = ""
alpn: list[str] = []
has_session_ticket_data: bool = False
has_pre_shared_key: bool = False
has_early_data: bool = False
if pos + 2 <= len(body):
ext_total = struct.unpack_from("!H", body, pos)[0]
@@ -165,8 +192,33 @@ def _parse_client_hello(data: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
alpn.append(ext_data[ap + 1: ap + 1 + plen].decode("ascii", errors="replace"))
ap += 1 + plen
elif ext_type == _EXT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHMS and len(ext_data) >= 2:
sa_len = struct.unpack_from("!H", ext_data, 0)[0]
signature_algorithms = [
struct.unpack_from("!H", ext_data, 2 + i * 2)[0]
for i in range(sa_len // 2)
]
elif ext_type == _EXT_SUPPORTED_VERSIONS and len(ext_data) >= 1:
sv_len = ext_data[0]
supported_versions = [
struct.unpack_from("!H", ext_data, 1 + i * 2)[0]
for i in range(sv_len // 2)
]
elif ext_type == _EXT_SESSION_TICKET:
has_session_ticket_data = len(ext_data) > 0
elif ext_type == _EXT_PRE_SHARED_KEY:
has_pre_shared_key = True
elif ext_type == _EXT_EARLY_DATA:
has_early_data = True
filtered_ciphers = _filter_grease(cipher_suites)
filtered_groups = _filter_grease(supported_groups)
filtered_sig_algs = _filter_grease(signature_algorithms)
filtered_versions = _filter_grease(supported_versions)
return {
"tls_version": tls_version,
@@ -174,8 +226,14 @@ def _parse_client_hello(data: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
"extensions": extensions,
"supported_groups": filtered_groups,
"ec_point_formats": ec_point_formats,
"signature_algorithms": filtered_sig_algs,
"supported_versions": filtered_versions,
"sni": sni,
"alpn": alpn,
"session_id": session_id,
"has_session_ticket_data": has_session_ticket_data,
"has_pre_shared_key": has_pre_shared_key,
"has_early_data": has_early_data,
}
except Exception:
@@ -221,6 +279,9 @@ def _parse_server_hello(data: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
pos += 1
extensions: list[int] = []
selected_version: int | None = None
alpn: str = ""
if pos + 2 <= len(body):
ext_total = struct.unpack_from("!H", body, pos)[0]
pos += 2
@@ -228,20 +289,329 @@ def _parse_server_hello(data: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
while pos + 4 <= ext_end:
ext_type = struct.unpack_from("!H", body, pos)[0]
ext_len = struct.unpack_from("!H", body, pos + 2)[0]
ext_data = body[pos + 4: pos + 4 + ext_len]
pos += 4 + ext_len
if not _is_grease(ext_type):
extensions.append(ext_type)
if ext_type == _EXT_SUPPORTED_VERSIONS and len(ext_data) >= 2:
selected_version = struct.unpack_from("!H", ext_data, 0)[0]
elif ext_type == _EXT_ALPN and len(ext_data) >= 2:
proto_list_len = struct.unpack_from("!H", ext_data, 0)[0]
if proto_list_len > 0 and len(ext_data) >= 4:
plen = ext_data[2]
alpn = ext_data[3: 3 + plen].decode("ascii", errors="replace")
return {
"tls_version": tls_version,
"cipher_suite": cipher_suite,
"extensions": extensions,
"selected_version": selected_version,
"alpn": alpn,
}
except Exception:
return None
def _parse_certificate(data: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
"""
Parse a TLS Certificate handshake message from raw bytes.
Only works for TLS 1.2 and below — TLS 1.3 encrypts the Certificate
message. Extracts basic details from the first (leaf) certificate
using minimal DER/ASN.1 parsing.
"""
try:
if len(data) < 6 or data[0] != _TLS_RECORD_HANDSHAKE:
return None
hs = data[5:]
if hs[0] != _TLS_HT_CERTIFICATE:
return None
hs_len = struct.unpack_from("!I", b"\x00" + hs[1:4])[0]
body = hs[4: 4 + hs_len]
if len(body) < 3:
return None
# Certificate list total length (3 bytes)
certs_len = struct.unpack_from("!I", b"\x00" + body[0:3])[0]
if certs_len == 0:
return None
pos = 3
# First certificate length (3 bytes)
if pos + 3 > len(body):
return None
cert_len = struct.unpack_from("!I", b"\x00" + body[pos:pos + 3])[0]
pos += 3
if pos + cert_len > len(body):
return None
cert_der = body[pos: pos + cert_len]
return _parse_x509_der(cert_der)
except Exception:
return None
# ─── Minimal DER/ASN.1 X.509 parser ─────────────────────────────────────────
def _der_read_tag_len(data: bytes, pos: int) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
"""Read a DER tag and length. Returns (tag, content_start, content_length)."""
tag = data[pos]
pos += 1
length_byte = data[pos]
pos += 1
if length_byte & 0x80:
num_bytes = length_byte & 0x7F
length = int.from_bytes(data[pos: pos + num_bytes], "big")
pos += num_bytes
else:
length = length_byte
return tag, pos, length
def _der_read_sequence(data: bytes, pos: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
"""Read a SEQUENCE tag, return (content_start, content_length)."""
tag, content_start, length = _der_read_tag_len(data, pos)
return content_start, length
def _der_read_oid(data: bytes, pos: int, length: int) -> str:
"""Decode a DER OID to dotted string."""
if length < 1:
return ""
first = data[pos]
oid_parts = [str(first // 40), str(first % 40)]
val = 0
for i in range(1, length):
b = data[pos + i]
val = (val << 7) | (b & 0x7F)
if not (b & 0x80):
oid_parts.append(str(val))
val = 0
return ".".join(oid_parts)
def _der_extract_cn(data: bytes, start: int, length: int) -> str:
"""Walk an X.501 Name (SEQUENCE of SETs of SEQUENCE of OID+value) to find CN."""
pos = start
end = start + length
while pos < end:
# Each RDN is a SET
set_tag, set_start, set_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, pos)
if set_tag != 0x31: # SET
break
set_end = set_start + set_len
# Inside the SET, each attribute is a SEQUENCE
attr_pos = set_start
while attr_pos < set_end:
seq_tag, seq_start, seq_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, attr_pos)
if seq_tag != 0x30: # SEQUENCE
break
# OID
oid_tag, oid_start, oid_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, seq_start)
if oid_tag == 0x06:
oid = _der_read_oid(data, oid_start, oid_len)
# CN OID = 2.5.4.3
if oid == "2.5.4.3":
val_tag, val_start, val_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, oid_start + oid_len)
return data[val_start: val_start + val_len].decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
attr_pos = seq_start + seq_len
pos = set_end
return ""
def _der_extract_name_str(data: bytes, start: int, length: int) -> str:
"""Extract a human-readable summary of an X.501 Name (all RDN values joined)."""
parts: list[str] = []
pos = start
end = start + length
oid_names = {
"2.5.4.3": "CN",
"2.5.4.6": "C",
"2.5.4.7": "L",
"2.5.4.8": "ST",
"2.5.4.10": "O",
"2.5.4.11": "OU",
}
while pos < end:
set_tag, set_start, set_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, pos)
if set_tag != 0x31:
break
set_end = set_start + set_len
attr_pos = set_start
while attr_pos < set_end:
seq_tag, seq_start, seq_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, attr_pos)
if seq_tag != 0x30:
break
oid_tag, oid_start, oid_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, seq_start)
if oid_tag == 0x06:
oid = _der_read_oid(data, oid_start, oid_len)
val_tag, val_start, val_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, oid_start + oid_len)
val = data[val_start: val_start + val_len].decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
name = oid_names.get(oid, oid)
parts.append(f"{name}={val}")
attr_pos = seq_start + seq_len
pos = set_end
return ", ".join(parts)
def _parse_x509_der(cert_der: bytes) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
"""
Minimal X.509 DER parser. Extracts subject CN, issuer string,
validity period, and self-signed flag.
Structure: SEQUENCE { tbsCertificate, signatureAlgorithm, signatureValue }
tbsCertificate: SEQUENCE {
version [0] EXPLICIT, serialNumber, signature,
issuer, validity { notBefore, notAfter },
subject, subjectPublicKeyInfo, ...extensions
}
"""
try:
# Outer SEQUENCE
outer_start, outer_len = _der_read_sequence(cert_der, 0)
# tbsCertificate SEQUENCE
tbs_tag, tbs_start, tbs_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, outer_start)
tbs_end = tbs_start + tbs_len
pos = tbs_start
# version [0] EXPLICIT — optional, skip if present
if cert_der[pos] == 0xA0:
_, v_start, v_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
pos = v_start + v_len
# serialNumber (INTEGER)
_, sn_start, sn_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
pos = sn_start + sn_len
# signature algorithm (SEQUENCE)
_, sa_start, sa_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
pos = sa_start + sa_len
# issuer (SEQUENCE)
issuer_tag, issuer_start, issuer_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
issuer_str = _der_extract_name_str(cert_der, issuer_start, issuer_len)
issuer_cn = _der_extract_cn(cert_der, issuer_start, issuer_len)
pos = issuer_start + issuer_len
# validity (SEQUENCE of two times)
val_tag, val_start, val_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
# notBefore
nb_tag, nb_start, nb_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, val_start)
not_before = cert_der[nb_start: nb_start + nb_len].decode("ascii", errors="replace")
# notAfter
na_tag, na_start, na_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, nb_start + nb_len)
not_after = cert_der[na_start: na_start + na_len].decode("ascii", errors="replace")
pos = val_start + val_len
# subject (SEQUENCE)
subj_tag, subj_start, subj_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
subject_cn = _der_extract_cn(cert_der, subj_start, subj_len)
subject_str = _der_extract_name_str(cert_der, subj_start, subj_len)
# Self-signed: issuer CN matches subject CN (basic check)
self_signed = (issuer_cn == subject_cn) and subject_cn != ""
# SANs are in extensions — attempt to find them
pos = subj_start + subj_len
sans: list[str] = _extract_sans(cert_der, pos, tbs_end)
return {
"subject_cn": subject_cn,
"subject": subject_str,
"issuer": issuer_str,
"issuer_cn": issuer_cn,
"not_before": not_before,
"not_after": not_after,
"self_signed": self_signed,
"sans": sans,
}
except Exception:
return None
def _extract_sans(cert_der: bytes, pos: int, end: int) -> list[str]:
"""
Attempt to extract Subject Alternative Names from X.509v3 extensions.
SAN OID = 2.5.29.17
"""
sans: list[str] = []
try:
# Skip subjectPublicKeyInfo SEQUENCE
if pos >= end:
return sans
spki_tag, spki_start, spki_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
pos = spki_start + spki_len
# Extensions are wrapped in [3] EXPLICIT
while pos < end:
tag = cert_der[pos]
if tag == 0xA3: # [3] EXPLICIT — extensions wrapper
_, ext_wrap_start, ext_wrap_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
# Inner SEQUENCE of extensions
_, exts_start, exts_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, ext_wrap_start)
epos = exts_start
eend = exts_start + exts_len
while epos < eend:
# Each extension is a SEQUENCE { OID, [critical], value }
ext_tag, ext_start, ext_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, epos)
ext_end = ext_start + ext_len
oid_tag, oid_start, oid_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, ext_start)
if oid_tag == 0x06:
oid = _der_read_oid(cert_der, oid_start, oid_len)
if oid == "2.5.29.17": # SAN
# Find the OCTET STRING containing the SAN value
vpos = oid_start + oid_len
# Skip optional BOOLEAN (critical)
if vpos < ext_end and cert_der[vpos] == 0x01:
_, bs, bl = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, vpos)
vpos = bs + bl
# OCTET STRING wrapping the SAN SEQUENCE
if vpos < ext_end:
os_tag, os_start, os_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, vpos)
if os_tag == 0x04:
sans = _parse_san_sequence(cert_der, os_start, os_len)
epos = ext_end
break
else:
_, skip_start, skip_len = _der_read_tag_len(cert_der, pos)
pos = skip_start + skip_len
except Exception:
pass
return sans
def _parse_san_sequence(data: bytes, start: int, length: int) -> list[str]:
"""Parse a GeneralNames SEQUENCE to extract DNS names and IPs."""
names: list[str] = []
try:
# The SAN value is itself a SEQUENCE of GeneralName
seq_tag, seq_start, seq_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, start)
pos = seq_start
end = seq_start + seq_len
while pos < end:
tag = data[pos]
_, val_start, val_len = _der_read_tag_len(data, pos)
context_tag = tag & 0x1F
if context_tag == 2: # dNSName
names.append(data[val_start: val_start + val_len].decode("ascii", errors="replace"))
elif context_tag == 7 and val_len == 4: # iPAddress (IPv4)
names.append(".".join(str(b) for b in data[val_start: val_start + val_len]))
pos = val_start + val_len
except Exception:
pass
return names
# ─── JA3 / JA3S computation ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _tls_version_str(version: int) -> str:
@@ -279,6 +649,161 @@ def _ja3s(sh: dict[str, Any]) -> tuple[str, str]:
return ja3s_str, hashlib.md5(ja3s_str.encode()).hexdigest()
# ─── JA4 / JA4S computation ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _ja4_version(ch: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
"""
Determine JA4 TLS version string (2 chars).
Uses supported_versions extension if present (TLS 1.3 advertises 0x0303 in
ClientHello.version but 0x0304 in supported_versions).
"""
versions = ch.get("supported_versions", [])
if versions:
best = max(versions)
else:
best = ch["tls_version"]
return {
0x0304: "13",
0x0303: "12",
0x0302: "11",
0x0301: "10",
0x0300: "s3",
0x0200: "s2",
}.get(best, "00")
def _ja4_alpn_tag(alpn_list: list[str] | str) -> str:
"""
JA4 ALPN tag: first and last character of the first ALPN protocol.
No ALPN → "00".
"""
if isinstance(alpn_list, str):
proto = alpn_list
elif alpn_list:
proto = alpn_list[0]
else:
return "00"
if not proto:
return "00"
if len(proto) == 1:
return proto[0] + proto[0]
return proto[0] + proto[-1]
def _sha256_12(text: str) -> str:
"""First 12 hex chars of SHA-256."""
return hashlib.sha256(text.encode()).hexdigest()[:12]
def _ja4(ch: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
"""
Compute JA4 fingerprint from a parsed ClientHello.
Format: a_b_c where
a = {t|q}{version:2}{d|i}{cipher_count:02d}{ext_count:02d}{alpn_tag:2}
b = sha256_12(sorted_cipher_suites, comma-separated)
c = sha256_12(sorted_extensions,sorted_signature_algorithms)
Protocol is always 't' (TCP) since we capture on a TCP socket.
SNI present → 'd' (domain), absent → 'i' (IP).
"""
proto = "t"
ver = _ja4_version(ch)
sni_flag = "d" if ch.get("sni") else "i"
# Counts — GREASE already filtered, but also exclude SNI (0x0000) and ALPN (0x0010)
# from extension count per JA4 spec? No — JA4 counts all non-GREASE extensions.
cs_count = min(len(ch["cipher_suites"]), 99)
ext_count = min(len(ch["extensions"]), 99)
alpn_tag = _ja4_alpn_tag(ch.get("alpn", []))
section_a = f"{proto}{ver}{sni_flag}{cs_count:02d}{ext_count:02d}{alpn_tag}"
# Section b: sorted cipher suites as decimal, comma-separated
sorted_cs = sorted(ch["cipher_suites"])
section_b = _sha256_12(",".join(str(c) for c in sorted_cs))
# Section c: sorted extensions + sorted signature algorithms
sorted_ext = sorted(ch["extensions"])
sorted_sa = sorted(ch.get("signature_algorithms", []))
ext_str = ",".join(str(e) for e in sorted_ext)
sa_str = ",".join(str(s) for s in sorted_sa)
combined = f"{ext_str}_{sa_str}" if sa_str else ext_str
section_c = _sha256_12(combined)
return f"{section_a}_{section_b}_{section_c}"
def _ja4s(sh: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
"""
Compute JA4S fingerprint from a parsed ServerHello.
Format: a_b where
a = {t|q}{version:2}{ext_count:02d}{alpn_tag:2}
b = sha256_12({cipher_suite},{sorted_extensions comma-separated})
"""
proto = "t"
# Use selected_version from supported_versions ext if available
selected = sh.get("selected_version")
if selected:
ver = {0x0304: "13", 0x0303: "12", 0x0302: "11", 0x0301: "10",
0x0300: "s3", 0x0200: "s2"}.get(selected, "00")
else:
ver = {0x0304: "13", 0x0303: "12", 0x0302: "11", 0x0301: "10",
0x0300: "s3", 0x0200: "s2"}.get(sh["tls_version"], "00")
ext_count = min(len(sh["extensions"]), 99)
alpn_tag = _ja4_alpn_tag(sh.get("alpn", ""))
section_a = f"{proto}{ver}{ext_count:02d}{alpn_tag}"
sorted_ext = sorted(sh["extensions"])
inner = f"{sh['cipher_suite']},{','.join(str(e) for e in sorted_ext)}"
section_b = _sha256_12(inner)
return f"{section_a}_{section_b}"
# ─── JA4L (latency) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _ja4l(key: tuple[str, int, str, int]) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
"""
Retrieve JA4L data for a connection.
JA4L measures the TCP handshake RTT: time from SYN to SYN-ACK.
Returns {"rtt_ms": float, "client_ttl": int} or None.
"""
return _tcp_rtt.get(key)
# ─── Session resumption ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _session_resumption_info(ch: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
"""
Analyze ClientHello for TLS session resumption behavior.
Returns a dict describing what resumption mechanisms the client uses.
"""
mechanisms: list[str] = []
if ch.get("has_session_ticket_data"):
mechanisms.append("session_ticket")
if ch.get("has_pre_shared_key"):
mechanisms.append("psk")
if ch.get("has_early_data"):
mechanisms.append("early_data_0rtt")
if ch.get("session_id") and len(ch["session_id"]) > 0:
mechanisms.append("session_id")
return {
"resumption_attempted": len(mechanisms) > 0,
"mechanisms": mechanisms,
}
# ─── Session cleanup ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _cleanup_sessions() -> None:
@@ -287,6 +812,15 @@ def _cleanup_sessions() -> None:
for k in stale:
_sessions.pop(k, None)
_session_ts.pop(k, None)
# Also clean up TCP RTT tracking
stale_syn = [k for k, v in _tcp_syn.items()
if now - v.get("time", 0) > _SESSION_TTL]
for k in stale_syn:
_tcp_syn.pop(k, None)
stale_rtt = [k for k, _ in _tcp_rtt.items()
if k not in _sessions and k not in _session_ts]
for k in stale_rtt:
_tcp_rtt.pop(k, None)
# ─── Logging helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -305,14 +839,32 @@ def _on_packet(pkt: Any) -> None:
ip = pkt[IP]
tcp = pkt[TCP]
payload = bytes(tcp.payload)
if not payload:
return
src_ip: str = ip.src
dst_ip: str = ip.dst
src_port: int = tcp.sport
dst_port: int = tcp.dport
flags: int = tcp.flags.value if hasattr(tcp.flags, 'value') else int(tcp.flags)
# ── TCP SYN tracking for JA4L ──
if flags & _TCP_SYN and not (flags & _TCP_ACK):
# Pure SYN — record timestamp and TTL
key = (src_ip, src_port, dst_ip, dst_port)
_tcp_syn[key] = {"time": time.monotonic(), "ttl": ip.ttl}
elif flags & _TCP_SYN and flags & _TCP_ACK:
# SYN-ACK — calculate RTT for the original SYN sender
rev_key = (dst_ip, dst_port, src_ip, src_port)
syn_data = _tcp_syn.pop(rev_key, None)
if syn_data:
rtt_ms = round((time.monotonic() - syn_data["time"]) * 1000, 2)
_tcp_rtt[rev_key] = {
"rtt_ms": rtt_ms,
"client_ttl": syn_data["ttl"],
}
payload = bytes(tcp.payload)
if not payload:
return
# TLS record check
if payload[0] != _TLS_RECORD_HANDSHAKE:
@@ -325,31 +877,47 @@ def _on_packet(pkt: Any) -> None:
key = (src_ip, src_port, dst_ip, dst_port)
ja3_str, ja3_hash = _ja3(ch)
ja4_hash = _ja4(ch)
resumption = _session_resumption_info(ch)
rtt_data = _ja4l(key)
_sessions[key] = {
"ja3": ja3_hash,
"ja3_str": ja3_str,
"ja4": ja4_hash,
"tls_version": ch["tls_version"],
"cipher_suites": ch["cipher_suites"],
"extensions": ch["extensions"],
"signature_algorithms": ch.get("signature_algorithms", []),
"supported_versions": ch.get("supported_versions", []),
"sni": ch["sni"],
"alpn": ch["alpn"],
"resumption": resumption,
}
_session_ts[key] = time.monotonic()
_log(
"tls_client_hello",
src_ip=src_ip,
src_port=str(src_port),
dst_ip=dst_ip,
dst_port=str(dst_port),
ja3=ja3_hash,
tls_version=_tls_version_str(ch["tls_version"]),
sni=ch["sni"] or "",
alpn=",".join(ch["alpn"]),
raw_ciphers="-".join(str(c) for c in ch["cipher_suites"]),
raw_extensions="-".join(str(e) for e in ch["extensions"]),
)
log_fields: dict[str, Any] = {
"src_ip": src_ip,
"src_port": str(src_port),
"dst_ip": dst_ip,
"dst_port": str(dst_port),
"ja3": ja3_hash,
"ja4": ja4_hash,
"tls_version": _tls_version_str(ch["tls_version"]),
"sni": ch["sni"] or "",
"alpn": ",".join(ch["alpn"]),
"raw_ciphers": "-".join(str(c) for c in ch["cipher_suites"]),
"raw_extensions": "-".join(str(e) for e in ch["extensions"]),
}
if resumption["resumption_attempted"]:
log_fields["resumption"] = ",".join(resumption["mechanisms"])
if rtt_data:
log_fields["ja4l_rtt_ms"] = str(rtt_data["rtt_ms"])
log_fields["ja4l_client_ttl"] = str(rtt_data["client_ttl"])
_log("tls_client_hello", **log_fields)
return
# Attempt ServerHello parse
@@ -361,6 +929,7 @@ def _on_packet(pkt: Any) -> None:
_session_ts.pop(rev_key, None)
ja3s_str, ja3s_hash = _ja3s(sh)
ja4s_hash = _ja4s(sh)
fields: dict[str, Any] = {
"src_ip": dst_ip, # original attacker is now the destination
@@ -368,17 +937,52 @@ def _on_packet(pkt: Any) -> None:
"dst_ip": src_ip,
"dst_port": str(src_port),
"ja3s": ja3s_hash,
"ja4s": ja4s_hash,
"tls_version": _tls_version_str(sh["tls_version"]),
}
if ch_data:
fields["ja3"] = ch_data["ja3"]
fields["ja4"] = ch_data.get("ja4", "")
fields["sni"] = ch_data["sni"] or ""
fields["alpn"] = ",".join(ch_data["alpn"])
fields["raw_ciphers"] = "-".join(str(c) for c in ch_data["cipher_suites"])
fields["raw_extensions"] = "-".join(str(e) for e in ch_data["extensions"])
if ch_data.get("resumption", {}).get("resumption_attempted"):
fields["resumption"] = ",".join(ch_data["resumption"]["mechanisms"])
rtt_data = _tcp_rtt.pop(rev_key, None)
if rtt_data:
fields["ja4l_rtt_ms"] = str(rtt_data["rtt_ms"])
fields["ja4l_client_ttl"] = str(rtt_data["client_ttl"])
_log("tls_session", severity=SEVERITY_WARNING, **fields)
return
# Attempt Certificate parse (TLS 1.2 only — 1.3 encrypts it)
cert = _parse_certificate(payload)
if cert is not None:
# Match to a session — the cert comes from the server side
rev_key = (dst_ip, dst_port, src_ip, src_port)
ch_data = _sessions.get(rev_key)
cert_fields: dict[str, Any] = {
"src_ip": dst_ip,
"src_port": str(dst_port),
"dst_ip": src_ip,
"dst_port": str(src_port),
"subject_cn": cert["subject_cn"],
"issuer": cert["issuer"],
"self_signed": str(cert["self_signed"]).lower(),
"not_before": cert["not_before"],
"not_after": cert["not_after"],
}
if cert["sans"]:
cert_fields["sans"] = ",".join(cert["sans"])
if ch_data:
cert_fields["sni"] = ch_data.get("sni", "")
_log("tls_certificate", **cert_fields)
# ─── Entry point ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────